Researched
and Composed by
Adam “Old School” Knowlden
ATP is an abbreviation for
adenosine triphosphate, a complex molecule that contains the
nucleoside adenosine and a tail consisting of three phosphates.
ATP captures the chemical energy released by
the ignition of nutrients and transfers it to reactions that require energy, for
example, as in muscular contraction. Moreover, ATP serves many other purposes
including, the building up of cell components, transmission of nerve messages
and many other various functions.
ATP is a multi-faceted nano-machine
that serves as the chief energy currency of the cell. A nanomachine can be
described as “a complex precision microscopic-sized machine that fits the
orthodox definition of a machine”. ATP is the most widely distributed
high-energy compound within the human body.
(Figure
1- An Outline of the ATP-synthase macro-molecule showing its subunits and
nanomachine traits. ATP-synthase converts ADP into ATP, a process called
charging. Shown behind ATP-synthase is the membrane in which the ATP-synthase is
mounted. For the ATP that is charged in the mitochondria, ATP-synthase is
located in the inner membrane.
Courtesy:
CRSQ vol. 39, 1999. )
As you read this, ATP is supplying the
energy for the functioning of your brain, the beating of your heart and the
contraction of your muscles! Similar to the release of energy stored in a
compressed spring, so energy locked up in the ATP molecule, when triggered
chemically, is released and made available to do work in our cells.
The ATP is used for a wide
variety of cell tasks including transportation work, i.e., moving substances
across cell membranes. It is also used for mechanical work such as supplying the
energy needed for muscle contraction. It supplies energy not only to heart
muscle for blood circulation, and skeletal muscle for overall body movement, but
also to the chromosomes and flagella to facilitate them to carry out their many
functions.
All fuel resources of nature
produce ATP, which in turn powers virtually every action of the cell and
organism.
A foremost role of ATP is in
chemical control, supplying the needed energy to synthesize the multi-thousands
of types of macromolecules that the cell needs to subsist.
It is but one example of many
millions of exceedingly intricate nano-machines that needs to have been designed
in order for life to exist on earth. This molecule is an excellent example of
irreducible complexity because it is necessary in its entirety in order for even
the simplest form of life to survive.
In order to function, every
machine requires specific parts such as the screws, springs, cams, gears, and
pulleys. Likewise, all biological machines must have many well-engineered parts
to work. Examples include units called “organs” including the liver, kidney, and
heart. These complex life units are made from even smaller components called
cells which in turn are constructed from yet smaller machines called organelles.
Cell organelles include mitochondria, Golgi complexes, microtubules, and
centrioles. Even below this level are other parts so small that they are
formally classified as macromolecules (large molecules).
All organisms (a
body made up of organs, organelles, or other parts that work together to carry
on the various processes of life) use ATP as their
principal energy currency. The energy level it carries is just the precise
quantity for most biological reactions. Nutrients contain energy in low-energy
covalent bonds which are not very useful to do most of kinds of work in the
cells. The role of ATP is to convert these low energy bonds to high energy
bonds.
Imagine the metabolic
confusion if this was not so: Each of the diverse “foodstuffs” would generate
different energy currencies and each of the great variety of cellular functions
would have to trade in its unique currency.
How is this energy produced?
Energy is released from the
ATP molecule to do work in the cell by a response that removes one of the
phosphate-oxygen groups, leaving adenosine diphosphate known as ADP.
When the ATP converts to ADP,
the ATP is referred to as “spent”. From there the ADP is usually immediately
recycled in the mitochondria where it is recharged and comes out once again as
ATP. Referring to this process, James Trefil noted “hooking and unhooking
that last phosphate on ATP is what keeps the whole world operating.”
(Cool huh!)
The colossal amount of
activity that occurs inside each one of the approximately one hundred trillion
human cells is propounded by the fact that at any moment each cell contains
about one billion ATP molecules. This amount is ample for that cell’s needs only
for a few minutes before it must be recycled! Given the estimated hundred
trillion cells in the average male, about 10
to the 23rd
power, or one sextillion ATP molecules exist in the body. For each ATP molecule
the terminal phosphate is added and removed 3 times each minute.
Talk about real
nanotechnology!
The ultimate source of energy
for constructing ATP is food; ATP is simply the carrier and regulation-storage
unit of energy. So while the total human body content of ATP is about 50 grams,
it must be constantly recycled every day. A daily intake of 2,500 calories
converts into a turnover of a monstrous 400 lbs of ATP!
Much like the power molecule
ATP, our ideal physiques represent a state of irreducible complexity.
What exactly does an
irreducibly complex physique appeal too?
|
A physique in which it is
athletically unacceptable to be reduced to a simpler, smaller form or
amount. |
Following this protocol it is the desired
outcome of the observant body builder to bring out the intricate details of
his/her physique. In seeking an irreducibly complex anatomy the athlete
pre-conditions themselves for a state of perfection, usually taking place in the
mind’s eye.
Often times, as many have noted in our
recreation forum, we observe athletes in the gym, day in and day out, performing
the same workouts consisting of bench presses, barbell curls, and pull-downs.
With such habitual behavior it is easy to spot the serious body builder, from
the casual lifter.
Body builders are “sticklers for
particulars”. Their body can not be broken down into parts that are not worth
detailing and molding.
No muscle group is un-important to the total
package of their physique, or unworthy of specified training. Indeed, specified
training of characteristically ignored muscle complexes is what sets the
advanced body builder apart from the eternal beginning body builder.
Detail can
be described as a discrete part or portion of a work, such as a painting,
building, or decorative object, especially when considered in isolation. Moreover, a
representation of such a part or portion: a detail of a Rembrandt portrait
illustrating the technique of chiaroscuro ; A small elaborated element of a
work of art, craft, or design, or in the case of this series, the tibialis
anterior. Often a
neglected muscle (when was the last time you saw anyone performing a hardcore
set of reverse calf raises at your local gym?), the
Tibialis Anterior is actually responsible for a
large majority of mass and sweep in the lower leg region. This is one muscle
group you do not want to disregard! As such, we will hone in on this area,
increasing hypertrophic status to a new level!
“If a person
came up to you and said he had small arms and needed assistance, you would then
ask what his routine was. Hypothetically, let’s say that he told you that he
only worked his biceps out, but for the life of him couldn't get his arms past
being 10 inches in diameter. At this point you would want to slap the guy and
tell him to start training triceps right?!
Unfortunately, the majority of bodybuilders do not apply this basic
concept to their calf region. Can you honestly say, that you put as much effort
into building the anterior muscles of your lower leg, as you do the posterior?
I'm going to break the news to you in simple terms. You are sabotaging your
growth, just as severely as if you only worked one part of your arms!”-Jacob
Wilson
This is an excellent rendition of the ideal
irreducible complexity of our physiques.
Our physiques rest upon intricacy.
Biologically,
if
a structure is so intricate that all of its parts must initially be present in a
suitably functioning manner, it is said to be irreducibly complex. In a
biological sense, it also means that if any part of that system were to be
absent or removed, the system would cease to function. Therefore, any step to
simplify an irreducibly complex system would result in a non-functional system.
This same protocol can be
applied daily to our body building mentality and goal setting initiatives.
Striving for a body that is irreducible intricate, to the finest detail, should
be the greatest objective. And if one part is out of sync, all efforts are made
to remedy this situation, as to not remove from the complexity, and render the
ideal goal of a walking anatomical chart a non-functional scheme.
I believe irreducible
complexity is what separates the hardcore athletes of ABC body building from the
rest of the lifting world. We have a mindset of “a training session of anterior
lower leg work is just as important as bench press day”, something the average
gym goer would get nauseous even considering!
Anatomy of the Anterior Lower Leg
President Wilson covers the
structural and anatomical features of the Frontal lower leg extensively in
The Ultimate Anatomical Guide to Freaky Big Calves Part II.
Foot positioning also plays a
vital role in achieving peak contractions across the various muscle groups of
the anterior leg (see
The Ultimate Anatomical Guide to Freaky Big Calves Part I).
In summary:
Inversion is turning the sole
of your foot medially(inward/right), while eversion, the sole of your foot is
turned laterally(outwards/left).
Moreover, dorsi flexion is an
upwards motion of the foot while plantar flexion is a downwards motion.
The following foot actions
will emphasis peak contraction on the following anterior calf muscles:
·
Tibialis Anterior-
Dorsi flex and invert Foot
·
Digitorum Longus-
Dorsi flex and invert four toes.
·
Hallucis Longus- dorsi flex and
invert big toe.
·
Peroneus Tertius-
Dorsi flex and evert foot.
It is recommended to use all
various actions of foot positioning throughout these workouts, to better ensure
development of all various muscles in the anterior leg.
I’m not going to dictate when
in these workouts to alter foot placement, I will leave that to your judgment. I
liken it to varying toe position during calf workouts. The more angles you can
target the muscle complex from, the more growth stimulus the muscle complex will
receive.
If you feel you are lagging in
one of these particular muscles, I recommend utilizing the sculpting protocol I
prescribed in
Monumental Masterpiece - Creating A Cerebral Portrait.
Use both the various foot
positioning and the specific muscle fiber ratios to better plan an assault on
the targeted region. (see Muscle Fiber
Ratios of The Anterior Calves)
I am not going to prescribe
general repetition ranges, so realize you can alter the numbers to better hone
in on a particular muscle grouping.
You might also use the
specialization principle as layed out in 24
Weeks To Battering Ram Pushing Strength Part III ( Deltoid Guideline )
,
dividing the
various lower leg muscle groups evenly throughout all 8 phases.
Amplified Size
The anterior leg has much
potential for growth. So much so, that this area simply can not be ignored by
the serious body builder. One of the major contributors of this potential is due
to the high number of Type-one muscle fibers located in this region. Slow twitch
dominance means a potential for high mitochondrial density (see
Muscle Fibers Part Three)!
ATP is engineered as a result
of numerous cell processes including fermentation, respiration and
photosynthesis. Generally the cells use ADP as a precursor molecule and then add
a phosphorus to it. In eukaryotes this can occur either in the soluble portion
of the cytoplasm (cytosol) or in special energy-producing structures called
mitochondria (see
Muscle Fibers Part Three).
Charging ADP to form ATP in the mitochondria is called chemiosmotic
phosphorylation. This progression transpires in specially assembled chambers
situated in the mitochondrion’s inner membranes.
The mitochondrion itself
functions to produce an electrical chemical gradient—somewhat like a battery—by
building up hydrogen ions in the space between the inner and outer membrane.
This energy comes from the approximate 10,000 enzyme chains in the membranous
sacks resting on the mitochondrial walls. The majority of the energy (food) for
most organisms is produced by the electron transport chain. Cellular oxidation
in the Krebs cycle (in all plants and animals: a series of
enzymatic reactions in mitochondria involving oxidative metabolism of acetyl
compounds to produce high-energy phosphate compounds that are the source of
cellular energy) causes an
electron build-up that is used to push H+
ions outward across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
As the charge continues to
build, it supplies an electrical potential that releases its energy by causing a
flow of hydrogen ions across the inner membrane into the inner chamber. The
energy causes an enzyme to be connected to ADP which catalyzes the addition of a
third phosphorus to form ATP.
Plants can also produce ATP in
this manner in their mitochondria but plants can also produce ATP by using the
energy of sunlight in chloroplasts. In the case of eukaryotic animals the energy
comes from food which is converted to pyruvate and then to acetyl coenzyme A
(acetyl CoA). From there, Acetyl CoA enters the Krebs cycle which in turn
releases energy which results in the conversion of ADP back into ATP.
How does this potential
difference serve to reattach the phosphates on ADP molecules? The more protons (a
stable particle with positive charge equal to the negative charge of an
electron) there are in an area,
the more they repel each other.
When the repulsion reaches a
certain level, the hydrogen ions are forced out of a revolving-door-like
structure mounted on the inner mitochondria membrane called ATP synthase
complexes. This enzyme functions to reattach the phosphates to the ADP
molecules, again forming ATP.
 Figure 2- Structure of Mitochondria
The ATP synthase revolving
door resembles a molecular water wheel that harnesses the flow of hydrogen ions
in order to build ATP molecules.
Each revolution of the wheel,
or what is called “the mushroom cap”, is literally a motor! This motor requires
the energy of about nine hydrogen ions returning into the mitochondrial inner
chamber.
Perhaps one of the leading researches in
this field is Hongyun Wang. Wang’s research in biophysics and molecular modeling
is to investigate the mechanism by which chemical energy is converted into
mechanical work in biological systems.
“ATP synthase is certainly the most ubiquitous example of a chemi-mechanical
transduction device in nature. It is capable of converting transmembrane
chemical gradients into the rotary mechanical motion of the gamma subunit that
in turn is coupled to ATP formation. It can also be run in reverse, in which
case the chemical energy of ATP can be used to generate mechanical motion or to
pump protons against a chemical potential. “
Located on the ATP synthase
are three active sites, each of which converts ADP to ATP with every turn of the
wheel.
Like any other motor it rotates, and
surprisingly fast - in fact at about 6,000 revs per minute! Further, it is the
last word in ultra-miniaturization, being 200,000 times smaller than a pinhead!
And we have rather more of these motors than most vehicles! Indeed, every cell
in the body has hundreds, if not thousands of them.
Under maximum conditions, the
ATP synthase wheel turns at a rate of up to 200 revolutions per second,
producing 600 ATPs during that second!
"It's one of the most complex molecules ever revealed, almost six times
larger than the blood molecule hemoglobin,"
says Pedersen. It's also, the researchers agree, one of the tiniest and most
powerful motors ever identified.
ATP is used in combination
with enzymes to cause certain molecules to bond together. The correct molecule
first harbors in the active site of the enzyme along with an ATP molecule. The
enzyme then catalyzes the transportation of one of the ATP phosphates to the
molecule, thus transferring the energy stored in the ATP molecule.
Next a second molecule docks
nearby at a second active site on the enzyme. The phosphate is then transferred
to it, providing the energy needed to bond the two molecules now attached to the
enzyme. Once they are bonded, the new molecule is released. This operation is
similar to using a mechanical jig to properly position two pieces of metal which
are then welded together. Once welded, they are released as a unit and the
process then can begin again.
Figure 3
(Figure 3-
Simplified Picture of ATP
Synthase)
ATP synthase (F1Fo-ATPase)
is the central enzyme in energy conversion in mitochondria, chloroplasts and
bacteria. It uses a proton motive force, generated across the membrane by
electron flow, to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
The Fo part through which hydrogen ions (H+) stream is located in the
membrane. The F1 part which synthesises ATP is outside the membrane. When the
hydrogen ions flow through the membrane via the disc of c subunits in the Fo
part, the disc imparts a twist to the g - subunit which protrudes from the F1
part and is attached to the disc. The three alpha and three beta subunits in the
F1 part cannot rotate, however. They are locked in a fixed position by the b
subunit, which in turn is anchored in the membrane. Thus the gamma subunit
rotates inside the cylinder formed by the six alpha and beta subunits. Since the
gamma subunit is asymmetrical it compels the beta subunits to undergo structural
changes. This leads to the beta subunits binding ATP and ADP with differing
strengths. The interconversion of these states, and hence the continuous
production of ATP, occurs as the g subunit rotates. Courtesy: John Walker: 1977
Chemistry)
How
does this relate to bigger anterior calves you ask? It’s elementary Watson! The
denser the mitochondria in the anterior calf is, the greater the endurance this
region has, and the more properties for growth the slow-twitch fibers take on!
If you want to hypertrophy
slow twitch fibers, it is my belief you have to increase their endurance
properties to receive continuous gains! Simply put the greater mitochondrial
density you have the more ATP production you are capable of!
Mitochondrial biogenesis
is the process in
which mitochondrial count is increased in the cell, or
the process of how mitochondria are formed and
maintained. In other words, mitochondrial density is
increased. This desired process is called “rational hypertrophy”. This occurs
when the total number of mitochondria also increases as the existing
mitochondria get bigger.
The opposite, of course, is called
“irrational hypertrophy”. The central characteristic of this kind of growth is
cells that contain larger mitochondria than before, but fewer of them. The net
result is an ATP shortage in the cell. This will ultimately lead to plateaus
(see
Muscle Fibers Part Three ).
If an ample supply of ATP is not being
produced then a horde of cellular processes will slow down resulting in the
operations of the cell being severely compromised. That means, among other
things, slower removal of waste products, slower recovery from training, and
slower or less protein synthesis!
(As you may know, creatine supplementation
increases your
ability to provide longer, stronger muscular
contractions, which run off of ATP, see
Creatine Myths and Facts .)
With slow-twitch fibers making
up a large portion of the lower leg, it is no doubt we will be seeking sadistic
pumps, barbaric intensity, hardcore shocks, and more volume for this region than
you are accustomed too!
All skeletal muscle fibers are not alike in
structure or function. For example, skeletal muscle fibers vary in color
depending on their content of myoglobin (myoglobin stores oxygen until needed by
mitochondria). Skeletal muscle fibers contract with different velocities,
depending on their ability to split Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). Faster
contracting fibers have greater ability to split ATP. Moreover, skeletal muscle
fibers differ with respect to the metabolic processes they use to generate ATP.
They also differ in terms of the onset of fatigue. On the basis of various
structural and functional characteristics, skeletal muscle fibers are classified
into three basic types: Type I fibers, Type II B fibers and type II A fibers.
Type I Fibers
These fibers, also called slow twitch or
slow oxidative fibers, contain large amounts of myoglobin, many mitochondria and
many blood capillaries. Type I fibers are red, split ATP at a slow rate, have a
slow contraction velocity, very resistant to, fatigue and have a high capacity
to generate ATP by oxidative metabolic processes. These fibers also make up a
large portion of the anterior lower leg.
Protocol
During the next 8 training
sessions, utilization of the prioritization principle will be paramount.
I recommend the following
scenarios:
1. Anterior leg training is
the primary importance over the next 8 weeks.
2. Whether you utilize a 5 or
7 day split, AM/PM split training (see
Hippocrates - Was He Hardcore? ),
or another split variation, always train with these workouts first when you
enter the gym.
I recommend a separate day
just for lower leg training, consisting both of posterior and anterior training;
In which case anterior training would come first in such a session. This is an
excellent approach as it allows you to train opposing body parts, and increase
mitochondrial density! (see
Static Strips and Opposite Body part Super setting )
Another excellent protocol
utilizing this same format would be a lower leg day utilizing an AM/PM split, in
which the anterior lower leg was trained in the AM, while the posterior lower
leg was trained in the PM. This would allow for maximal intensity, and higher
energy levels.
Heavy stretching this area is
also recommended! (see
Can You Use The Muscle Memory Phenomenon, Without Ever Having The Muscle!?)
Phase One:
Tibialis Torture
Exercise one:
Old School Tibialis Curls-
5 sets
You are going to get addicted
to this exercise! It is by far, one of most extreme movements for frontal leg!
Also, so far as I know, I invented it, so I get dibs on the name!
Begin by positioning yourself
in a leg extension machine, in the same manner you would as if you were going to
begin a set of extensions.
Adjust the leg extension machine so that the
center of the knee joint is aligned with the axis of rotation of the machine.
Sit on the machine with the lower back against the backrest and the shins
against the ankle pads. Bend both legs to a 90 degree angle.
The principal piece of equipment on the
machine for this movement is the ankle pad. It must by one that will rotate
around the bar, such as in this example:
Begin by selecting a weight. Once you have
placed your shins against the ankle pad, begin to Dorsi Flex your foot. As you
Dorsi flex, invert your foot at the point of peak contraction at the top of the
extent of motion. Now, allow the pad to roll all the way down your foot as you
plantar flex your foot to its maximum lower range of motion.
You will feel a tremendous
burn in your tibialis anterior within a few reps!
My personal favorite technique
for this exercise is using the “Don’t stop ‘till you drop” descending rep
method!
“This
variation of the descending set will test your pain margins to the limit! In
fact pain is all that will guide you with this one. Don’t think about reps or
how many drops you are going to do. Just go until you can’t take it anymore. The
further you go into hell the more gains you will get.
This is ultra effective for the calves and
forearms. In fact, I’ve gone weeks without even counting reps for these two
groups. I just go by how much pain I felt the previous workout and know that I
will go further in my current one! This type of training gives you a certain
mindset that will build you a great physique! I like it because it allows you to
focus completely on the pain zone, and not distracting your mind with counting
any reps, sets, drops, just more intensity than you’ve ever had before.”
(Taken from Shock Yourself out of the Comfort Zone Part Two)
Exercise two:
Reverse donkey calf raise Machine-
3 sets.
Another excellent exercise for the frontal
calf region is reverse donkey calf raises.
The theme of the variation of this exercise
is to place the heels of your feet, where your toes would normally be fixed.
Upon dorsi flexing your foot in this
position you will place maximal stress on the anterior calf muscles.
I recommend using a wide variety of foot
positioning to better target the different muscle groupings of the frontal
calves.
Exercise 3:
Free-Hand Standing Reverse calf raises-
3 sets
Do not let the name fool you here. This is
going to require total mental effort, as you attempt to balance your body with
your forefront calf muscles!
Begin by placing a calf block (I also
recommend alternating between types of calf platforms as much as possible! For
example flat blocks, curved blocks, Plates stacked up, etc. Different surfaces
stimulate the muscles differently!) between a squat rack or near a wall.
Attempt to perform standing reverse calf
raises, without the use of outside stability! In other words, no hands!
I do recommend doing these between a squat
rack or near a wall, so that if needed and you lose balance, you can support
yourself without having to totally stop the set. Continue doing reps, even if
you have to use the wall. Once you feel you’ve regained your balance, let go
again and continue free-handed. Finish the set off with partial reps to enhance
the blood pump.
Free hand types of movements are excellent
for balance and shocking the muscles!
If you want to take this exercise to the
next level, superset free-handed calf raises with standing calf raises or toe
presses! The lower leg pump will be off the chart! This is very similar to a
tricep/bicep superset! Opposing superset have also been shown to increase
mitochondrial density!
Phase Two:
Lower Leg Laceration!
Exercise One:
Reverse Barbell calf raise-
3 sets
Reverse barbell calf
raises are probably the number one mass builder of the lower leg. When done in
the reverse position, they will place maximal strain on the anterior muscles.
Keeping constant tension on this area is the key to continual growth.
Begin by placing a barbell
on a power rack at upper chest height and the calf block under barbell. Position
the back of your shoulders under the barbell with both hands to your sides.
Position your heels on forward edge of calf block. Lean the barbell against the
rack and raise it from the safety supports.
Support the barbell
against the vertical bars. This will allow you to concentrate on power instead
of balance.
Now perform reverse barbell calf raises. I
suggest one to two seconds of static contraction at the peak of the movement.
Be sure to really drive your foot up as you
dorsi flex. Strive for power during this exercise.
Exercise Two:
Hack squat machine reverse calf raise-
3 sets
Here we are going to effectively target the
region at a unique angle.
The hack squat calf raises are incredible
for building up the posterior leg! No doubt the same comparison can be made for
the anterior leg in reverse hack raises!
Another personal favorite for a reason you
will soon see, or should I say feel!
Unlike normal calf raises on the hack
machine, you will face forward similar to performing standard hack squats.
Adjust the foot plate to your desired
positioning. The exercise can be harder by adjusting the foot plate below the
standard 90 degree angle.
To execute this movement begin by placing
your heels on the edge of the calf placement platform. Next, unlatch the safety
hooks and complete a strict set of reverse calf raises to failure.
Now comes the fun part…at failure, you can
begin cheating by shrugging on the shoulder pads! Similar to Hack machine hiss
squats you can effectively cheat on the positive motion of this exercise by
simply shrugging as you plantar flex you foot!
You will begin feeling a burn that will sear
through your body like liquid fire! But don’t stop! This is where you should
begin counting reps! Similar to forearms, the anterior legs are slow twitch
dominated, meaning they can take a lickin’ and keep on tickin’! So give them a
beating they won’t soon forget!
Exercise 3:
Reverse heel press-
3 sets
Reverse heel presses are superb for focusing
on peak contraction of the tibialis anterior.
This action will target the area right below
the knee that creates the vital frontal calf sweep.
Utilizing a leg press
machine, begin by placing the seat away from the foot platform. Place your feet
high on the foot pad, keeping your knees straight.
Plantar flex your
fore-foot back toward your body as far as possible while pushing the platform
with you heels.
I recommend utilizing the
static strip set principle with this third exercise, in the range of 30-70
seconds per strip set.
Exercise Four-
Seated Reverse Calf
Raise- 3 sets
The finishing movement in
phase 2 will utilize the seated calf raise station.
This action will be
similar to seated calf raises. The alteration will occur with foot positioning.
Place your heels, on the toe plate where your toes would normally be fixed.
Adjust the pad
accordingly, to allow for a complete range of motion. From there, plantar flex
your foot to the top of the muscles range of motion, and descend back down,
emphasizing the negative extremely hard.
This exercise provides an
enhanced stretch at the bottom of the range of motion.
As President Wilson has
shown with multiple research sources, “working a muscle in its
lengthened position will add sarcomeres in series. This would mean that the
area near the insertion point of the muscle group would be much fuller, and more
pronounced.”
I liken this exercise to
the preacher curl of frontal calves. Treat it as such and do not withhold
stressing the stretch the bottom of this exercise offers.
Phase Three:
Plantar Flex Pounding!
Exercise One:
Smith machine reverse calf raise-
3 sets
This can be alternated with any standing
calf machine your gym offers. I prefer the smith machine, as it provides a
natural motion in which to enhance plantar flexing.
As you drive up, watch your anterior calves
closely in the mirror. Try alternating foot positing (see above) and observe how
various angles affect different sections of your frontal calves.
Once failure has been achieved, use
rest-pause to finish the complex off, medieval style! This is also a great
movement to expose your calves to the 60 seconds shock!
Exercise Two:
Single Leg Reverse Calf Raises
supersetted with both Legs Reverse Calf Raises-
4 sets
Here we will be working each leg
independently to blast the fore-calf zone.
We have all experienced the extreme shock
one arm barbell curls and one arm shoulder presses place on our frame. This
protocol provides the same stun to our system! Only we will take it one step
further.
Grasp a dumbbell in one
hand and allow it to hang to your side while positioning one heel on the forward
edge of platform. Clutch a support beam or wall with the other hand to maintain
equilibrium. The hand with the added resistance should be on the same side as
the leg you are working. Lift the non working leg back by bending the knee for
better balance.
I also recommend using an
unconventional calf platform for this exercise. For example, you could use
plates stacked up, the edge of your stairs, etc. You can vary it even more by
doing the exercise with shoes, without shoes, with tennis shoes, with weight
lifting shoes.
A well-rounded general
shocking method is to constantly switch the type of foot platform you utilize
during all your lower leg training.
Once you are in position,
pull the forefoot up toward your body as far as is possible. Return again, by
extending your foot until your toes are pointed downward. Continue with the
opposite leg.
After exhaustion with both
legs, set down the added resistance, and continue doing standard reverse calf
raises, this time using both legs.
Begin two of the sets with
your right leg, and two with your left leg.
This superset will chisel
lines in your calves. You’re going to love the results! Hang in there; we have
one more brutal exercise left…
Exercise 3:
Reverse Donkey Calf Raises-
3 sets
Take a few minutes between exercise two and
three, as you will have to muster all your remaining mental power to execute
this movement.
As you no doubt discovered in Phase one,
Reverse Donkey Calf Raises, are not for the faint of heart.
We are now going to pick the intensity up a
notch and traumatize the tibialis anterior with a barbaric shock technique that
would make Conan cringe.
The 21 method is world renowned for
supplying the bicep perimeter with massive amounts of blood soaked pumps.
This same principle can be directly applied
to the lower leg region! As will be the procedure with exercise three.
Position yourself in the same manner as
exercise 2, in phase one.
·
Start by performing 7 deep,
partial reps in the lower half of the range of motion.
·
Next, perform 7 reps strongly
contracted partial reps in the upper half of the range of motion.
·
Finish, by performing 7 full
reps.
The 21 method can be applied to many muscle
groups, and in the case of lower leg work, is exceptionally vicious!
Phase Four:
Grand
Finale
Phase four is going to be a lesson in pain.
We are going to be doing a spin-off of the
“One day method”.
This formula represents high volume that
will no doubt increase the endurance capabilities of your fore calves.
You have to be mentally ready to tackle this
routine, because it will literally demand a day-long war mentality.
The protocol is as follows:
(At home phase)
1.
As soon as you wake up, perform standing reverse calf raises to failure.
If you have a calf block at your home use it for the “at home” phases. If you
don’t have one, the edge of a stair will work fine. Perform 3 sets.
2.
Repeat Mid-day
3.
Repeat Right before Bed
At the gym:
Perform the 100 reps method using any
exercise you like besides standing reverse calf raises. This technique is short,
sweet, but brutally to the point.
To execute, pick a weight you would normally
fail with at 25 reps. Upon failure, rest-pause until you reach 100 reps. The
secret is only to rest as long as the pain is present. The instant the pain is
gone proceed with the exercise again, even if it only means getting one or two
reps before you have to rest-pause again.
Continue in this manner until 100 strict
reps are achieved. I prefer an exercise, such as hack squat reverse calf raises,
for the reason that I can cheat out additional reps as I go along. (Of course,
not counting those as any of the pure 100 reps I am aiming for!)
Prepare yourself for war fellow athletes
as during the next 3 phases we are going to pull out all the tricks from the
bag, and perform a hardcore bout of blitz training!
Phase Five:
The 15-20-25 Method-
Jacob introduced us to
the sheer insanity this blitz offers in the legendary, “8
Weeks To Bigger Biceps Two - The Legend Continues! ”
We are going to utilize this
shock for phase five, in an effort to boldly take our anterior leg, where they
have never gone before!
President Wilson describes the
madness of this method in his article,
“Here we combine the strip set with the rest pause method, and place them under
the heading of a repetition scheme. You see, I believe that people will fail
miles short of what they were capable of while utilizing strip sets. This
method allows for no mercy, you must complete the indicated number of
repetitions, no matter the cost!
Begin by selecting a weight you can only lift for a maximum of 12 repetitions.
Say you were doing dumbbell curls. You would fail on the 12th rep, and set the
weight on your knees. Rest pause a few seconds, and then eek out the final
three repetitions. Without hesitation, strip the weight down. I prefer 10
pounds per dumbbell, but essentially you will choose a weight that you can
normally get 15 repetitions with. Once you strip the weight, you will get as
many repetitions as possible, before rest pausing. Normally after a strip set,
you'll barely be able to get 6 reps before failing, the lactic acid build up is
just too great! However, you must, and I repeat must rest pause out 20
repetitions, I don't care how many rest pause intervals are used! Lower the
weight again, by 10 pounds per dumbbell and use the rest pause method to get 25
repetitions. At the end of the set you will be destroyed, in agony and drenched
in sweat!
What I normally do is select weights that allow me, when fresh to
get the prescribed amount of reps for the given amount of weight. However, it's
obvious that you will be seriously fatigued, making rest pause sets that much
harder!
Again, going back to dumbbell curls. If you can lift 50 pounds in each arm for
12 strict repetitions, then choose it for the first set. If you can then lift
40 pounds for 15 reps when fresh, then choose it for your second weight, and
finally choose 30 for the last set.
It would look like this
· 50 pounds caused
failure at 12 reps, then you rest paused once which allowed 3 additional reps
· You would then
strip the weight down to 40 pounds and reach failure. Due to fatigue this may
take place after 6 reps. Utilize the rest pause method, which would allow you
to reach 15 reps before failure again. Then rest pause one more time and reach
20 repetitions
· Strip down to the
30's only this time you must rest pause out 25 repetitions!
Try that on any exercise and I guarantee growth! It forces you to reach a level
of proficiency, rather then just thinking that you reached that level.”
As you can see, this approach is not for the
average gym goer, but to go one step further and apply it to the frontal lower
legs, ranks us in the elite of the body building world!
In this example, Jacob gives a demonstration on
how to use this shock on biceps with the dumbbell curl. I recommend utilizing an
exercise that you can use a descent amount a load with, as to fully incorporate
the necessary stripping of weight. Reverse barbell calf raises, or Old School
toe curls, would be two prime choices.
Phase Six and Seven:
Zane Blitz-
During phase six, of our “blitz
session” you will incorporate the Zane blitz technique. Disgustingly hardcore is
not even revolting enough to do justice to the description this method entails.
That’s why you’re going to do it, and like it soldier!
Here Jacob describes this
method in his incredible article, “Hippocrates
- Was He Hardcore?”,
one of his many
masterpieces!
“Zane's Purpose: To bring a body part which
lags behind others up as quickly as possible
Method: Two Week's of pure, endless bombardment of the target muscle group
Steps
1.
Choose specified body part
2. On Day One Train the muscle with a total of 25 sets
3. On Day Two Train the muscle with a total of 15 sets
4. On Day Three Train the muscle with a total of 10 sets
5. Rest On Day Four, you know the drill - Catch up with past issues of
Hyperplasia Magazine
6. On Day Five Train the muscle with a total of 25 sets
7. On Day Six Train the muscle with a total of 4 sets
8. Rest Two Days
9. Repeat Seven Day Cycle Once More
The man was the three time world champion! After this split it would be a
good idea to taper a few days. I prefer to split this into five different
exercises when utilizing 15-25 sets. Thus, on 25 I would perform 5 Xs 5, where
as with 15 I would perform 3 Xs 5. When utilizing 10 sets, three exercises will
be sufficient at 4, 4, and 3 respectively. Finally, 1-2 exercises will do on
day seven.
The advantage here is that it gives you an opportunity to hit every aspect
of the muscle. Take legs for example. You can do numerous varieties of squats,
and even use the abductor machine, which in my opinion is the most
underestimated mass exercise on the market.”
I never said these 8 phases were going to be
easy. I won’t lie; this is going to take blood and guts to complete. This is
easily “overtraining” to the average gym observer.
That is why you must laugh at what others
call, too hard, roll up your sleeves, and let the results of your efforts shut
the mouths of the critics. Those same critics will undoubtedly, be the same gym
goers, who year after year, making little if any changes in the gym because they
refuse to push themselves to their physical potential. (see
Shock Yourself Out Of The Comfort Zone 3)
Show yourself how bad you want freaky lower
legs, and don’t compromise until you achieve that dream!!!
Phase Eight:
Austrian Blitz-
You probably saw this coming! But what a way to finish the job!
Anyone who has had the
testicular fortitude to tackle this favorite training technique of the Austrian
Oak can testify to the mind boggling results that it has brought.
The Austrian Blitz is
without a doubt a hurricane that leaves no survivors in the path of its
destruction. Simply pick a basic compound exercise, and blast your lower leg
into muscle annihilation!
Nanotechnology
ATP is a first-rate example of
irreducible complexity because it is essential in its entirety in order for even
the simplest form of life to live. This ever-present molecule has a wide array
of tasks, including building complex molecules, contracting muscles, and
generating electricity in nerves (see
Supplement Review - Calcium).
Each of our quadrillions
of ATP motors produces no less than 18,000 ATP molecule per minute, over 1
million per hour, and some 26 million per day; less when resting, more when
working hard.
As the requirement for
energy increases, the flow of protons through the wheel increases, so turning
the wheel faster and increasing the manufacturing of the energy-giving ATP.
There are an
estimated 100,000 complex macromolecule machines used in humans.
Currently
there are only four basic ways of producing ATP:
-
in
bacterial cell walls
-
in
the cytoplasm by photosynthesis
-
in
chloroplasts
-
and in mitochondria
According to
the concept of irreducible complexity, these ATP producing machinery must have
been manufactured totally complete and as functioning units.
Anything
less than an entire ATP molecule, and it will not function; just as a
manufacturing plant which is less then complete cannot produce a functioning
product.
In
retrospect, our physiques resemble such a pattern. Anything less than a
symmetrical physique and the physique can be rendered, incomplete on body
building terms.
Design is
prevalent….from the ATP molecule, to our body’s build. A Creator’s “hand” is
evident.
We design
our physiques to fit our mind’s eye perception of what the perfect body
resembles. It is irreducibly complex in our third eye.
Will and
design go hand-in-hand. Where there is no will, there is no design. Such is the
case with irreducibly complex features, both in nature and our bodies.
Romans 1:20 For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are
clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal
power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse:
Only your
will can design the complex structure of the anterior lower leg.
God Speed Fellow Warriors!
Old
School,
oldschoolabcbbing@gmail.com
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